Evaluation of cumulative radiation exposure among dental workers at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Abstract

Continuous surveillance for radiation protection is imperative when employing ionizing radiation-emitting devices, such as those used at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) in Sokoto, Nigeria. In adherence to national regulations, it is mandatory for all personnel involved in activities with ionizing radiation to participate in a regular individual dosimetric monitoring program. This study evaluates the occupational radiation exposure of dental healthcare practitioners over the course of 2017, with assessments conducted on a quarterly basis. For this purpose, the HARSHAW 4500 Reader, in conjunction with Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs), was employed for individual radiation monitoring. This method ensures precise and reliable measurements of both skin and deep tissue doses, providing comprehensive data on the cumulative annual effective dose for each worker. The findings from this investigation reveal significant variations in the cumulative radiation doses among the dental staff. The practitioner identified as DN24b recorded the highest cumulative dose at 15.60 man Sieverts (manSv), highlighting a notable exposure level within the group. Conversely, the practitioner labeled DN13 registered the lowest annual effective dose at 5.33 manSv, indicating effective adherence to radiation safety protocols. These results underscore the importance of rigorous and continuous radiation monitoring to ensure occupational safety. While the observed doses are within acceptable limits, the variation in exposure levels suggests the need for ongoing education and adherence to radiation protection principles. The study advocates for enhanced protective measures and continuous training to minimize radiation exposure and ensure the well-being of all dental healthcare workers at UDUTH.