Main Article Content
Abstract
Based on its exceptional mechanical and thermal qualities, Inconel 660 is a high-performance superalloy that is frequently used in marine and aerospace engineering. However, attaining the ideal material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), and surface roughness (SR) is severely hampered by its low machinability. This study uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to examine the impacts of different process parameters in Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of Inconel 660. Statistical models were created to forecast performance results, and experimental trials were carried out to optimize machining parameters. The results show that whereas pulse-off time primarily affects SR, current and pulse-on time have a considerable impact on MRR and TWR. The adjusted parameters offer improved machining performance by decreasing electrode wear and enhancing surface morphology. These insights allow Inconel 660 and related superalloys to be machined more effectively.
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References
- Schmid steven, Kalpakjain Serope, Manufacturing Processes; fifth edition; Prentice Hall ,NewYork :561-562.
- Rizwee M., Rao P. S., & Ahmad, M. F. Parametric Optimization of Electro Discharge Process during Machining of Aluminum/Boron Carbide/Graphite Composite; SAE Int J of Mat and Manufac2021.
- Paliwal, S., & Rao, P. S. , Parametric analysis on the effect of process parameters in ECDM through changes in geometry of tool electrode in ECDM; Mat Today: Proc 2021.
- Khan M. Y., Rao, P. S., & Pabla B. S., A Framework for Surface Modification by Electrical Discharge Coating using Variable Density Electrodes; In E3S Web of Conf EDP Sci; 2021; 3
- Rizwee, M., Rao, P. S., & Khan, M. Y., Recent advancement in electric discharge machining of metal matrix composite materials. Mat Today: Proc2021; 3:2829-2836.
- Chaturvedi, C., Rao P. S.& Khan M. Y. , Optimization of process variable in abrasive water jet Machining (AWJM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using Taguchi methodology. Mat Today: Proc 2021 ;47 :6120-6127.
- Rizwee M., & Rao P. S., Analysis & optimization of parameters during EDM of aluminium metal matrix composite; J of Univ of Shanghai for Sci and Tech 2021 ; 23(3): 218-223.
- Paliwal S., Rao P. S., & Mittal K.. K., Study of electrochemical discharge machining of glass; Mat Today: Proc2021; 37: 1828-1833.
- Rao P.S,. Jain P.K, Dwivedi D.K., Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) of External Cylindrical Surfaces of Titanium Alloy, Elsevier Publishers; J. of Procedia engg. 2015; 100 : 936-945.
- Rao P.S,. Jain P.K, Dwivedi D.K., Precision Finishing of External Cylindrical Surfaces of EN8 Steel by Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) Process using OFAT Technique, Elsevier Publi, J. of Mat Today Proc ;2015.
- Rao P.S, Jain P.K., Dwivedi D.K., Study and Effect of Process Parameters on External Cylindrical Surfaces of Titanium Alloy by Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) Process, Elsevier Publi, J. of Procedia engg;2016.
- Rao P.S, Jain P.K., Dwivedi D.K., Optimization of Key Process Parameters on Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) of External Cylindrical Surfaces of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al- 4V, Elsevier Publi, J. of Mat Today Proc;2017;4(2):2279-2289.
- S.H.Lee, X.P.Li, Study of the effect of machining parameters on the machining characteristics in electrical discharge machining of tungsten carbide; Tech ;2001:342-358.
- Bmohan, A.Rajdurai,K.G Satyanarayan ,“Effect of SiC and rotation of electrode on electric discharge machining of Al–SiC composite; Tech; 2002; 20 :297-304.
- Omer Eyercioglu, Mehmet V Cakir, KursadGov, Influence of machining parameters on the surface integrity in small-hole electrical discharge machining; Proc of the Inst of MechEngg, Part B: J of Engg Manuf ;2013; 228 :51-61.
- Rajyalakshmi G.Optimization of Process parameters of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining on Inconel825 using Grey Relational Analysis Coupled with Principle Component Analysis;Int J of App Research;2013:1294-1314
- Ahmad Said , AmriLajis M.Electrical discharge machining (EDM) of Inconel 718 by using copper electrode at higher peak current and pulse duration;Conf. Series Materials Science and Engineering ; 2013 ; 50(1),:1-7.
- Mustafa Ay, UlaşÇaydaş, Optimization of micro-EDM drilling of inconel 718 superalloy;The Int J of Adv Manuf;013; 66: pp.1015-1023.
- U. ShrinivasBalraj, P. Anitha, Gopalakrishna A. A Study on White Layer Thickness and Surface Crack Density in Rotary EDM of RENE80 Nickel Superalloy; App. Mech.and mat ;2014: 23-27.
- RenjieJi , Liu Y, Diao R, Xu C, Li X, Cai B. , Influence of Electrical Resistivity and Machining Parameters on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance of Engineering Ceramics;PLoS One ;2014; 9 :1-9.
- Pradhan B.B., Tiwary A.P., B. Bhattacharyya ,Study on the influence of micro-EDM process parameters during machining of Ti–6Al–4V super alloy;The Int J of Adv. Tech. and Manuf ;2014; 76: 1-10.
- S. Dhanabalan ,K. Sivakumar&C.Sathiya Narayanan, Analysis of Form Tolerances in Electrical Discharge Machining Process for Inconel 718 and 625;Mat and Manf Process:252-259
- Luis C. J. , A. Torres, I. Puertas “Analysis of the influence of EDM parameters on surface finish, material removal rate, and electrode wear of an Inconel 600 alloy; The Int J of Adv. Tech. and Manuf;2015:80.
- M.S Hewidy, T.A. ,El-Taweel ,M.F.El-SaftyModelling the machining parameters of wire electrical discharge machining of Inconel 601 using RSM ;J of Mat Proces Tech ;2015;169: 328-336
- Leera Raju, Hiremath, Somashekhar S. A State-of-the-art Review on Micro Electro-discharge Machining; Procedia Tech;2016;25: 1281–1288.
- Nur SherilLoke BintiIzwan, ZhujianFeng, JigarBimalPatel, Prediction of Material Removal Rate in Die-sinking Electrical Discharge Machining; Procedia Manuf ;2016 ;5 :658-668.
- Fazli Shahri, Reza Hamid, Mahdavinejad, Ramezanali; Ashjaee Mehdi; Abdullah Amir A comparative investigation on temperature distribution in electric discharge machining process through analytical, numerical and experimental methods; Int J of Mach Tools and Manuf; 114:35–53.
- S.Gowthaman, K. Balamurugan, Electrical Discharge Machining studies on Monel- Super Alloy, Procedia Manuf2018:386-391.
- Sahu Bighnesh Kumar , Datta Saurav, SibaSankarMahapatra; On Electro-Discharge Machining of Inconel 718 Super Alloys: An Experimental Investigation;MaterialsToday:Proceedings 2018;5: 4861-4869.
- Selvarajan, L., Rajavel J., Prabakaran, V. Sivakumar, B., &Jeeva, G. A Review Paper on EDM Parameter of Composite material and Industrial Demand Material Machining; Mat Today: Proc; 5(2), 5506–5513.
- Singh Shruti and Rao P.S.; Electric Discharge Machining of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics: A Review; Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering 2018 : 115-125
- Nayim, S. M. Towhidul Islam, Hasan, Muhammed Zahid, Anbesh Jamwal; Thakur Sunil; Gupta Sumit Recent trends & developments in optimization and modelling of electro-discharge machining using modern techniques: A review. AIP Conference Proceedings 2019: pp. 1-11
- Khan M. Y., Rao, P. S., Investigations on the feasibility of Jatropha curcas oil based biodiesel for sustainable dielectric fluid in EDM process”, Mat Today: Proc; 2019: 1-6.
- Khan M.Y. and Rao P. S, Electrical Discharge Machining: Vital to Manufacturing Industries; Int J of Innov Tech and Explor Engg;2019:1697-1701.
- Khan, M. Y., Rao, P. S.Hybridization of Electrical Discharge Machining Process; Int J of Engg and Adv Tech ; 2019:1059-1065.
- Kumar Sushil Choudhary,R.S Jadoun ,“ Review on Machining of Inconel Based Super Alloys by Electro Discharge Machining Process”,SCIREA J of Phy; 2019; 4: 27-342.
- MohanthyChinmaya P., Mahapatra Siba Shankar , ManasRanjan Singh,“ Optimization of Process parameters of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining on Inconel825 using Grey Relational Analysis Coupled with Principle Component Analysis”, Res ;2019; 8: 305-311.
- Kumar Nishant and Rao P. S, Analysis And Optimization Of Process Parameters During Electric Discharge Machining Of Incoloy 800: A Review;Int J of Sci &Tech Res ;2020;9:6002-6005.
- Thakur A. , Rao P.S., MohdYunus Khan, Study and optimization of surface roughness parameter during electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy (Ti-6246),Mat Today Proc ;2020: 1-9.
- VitorBaldin , Claudia R B , Fred L. Amorim , Machining of Inconel 718 with a defined geometry tool or by electrical discharge machining, J of the Braz Society of Mech Sci and Engg2020 ; 42 :1-12.
- Stefan Dzionk, MieczyslawSiemiatkowski,“ Studying the Effect of Working Conditions on WEDM Machining Performance of Super Alloy Inconel 617;Machines 2020; 8:1-18 .
- Sahu Pramod Kumar and Rao P. S.,“A Review on Parametric Investigation and Improvement of Electrical Discharge Machining Process”,Int J For Res In App Sci & Engg Tech:582-585.
- AiyeshahAlhodaib 1, PragyaShandilya, Arun Kumar Rouniyar and HimanshuBisaria ; Experimental Investigation on Silicon Powder Mixed-EDM of Nimonic-90 Superalloy; Metals;2021: 1-17.
- Rathi, Mahendra G., and Deepak V. Mane. "Study on effect of powder mixed dielectric in EDM of Inconel 718." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 4.11 (2014): 1-7.
References
Schmid steven, Kalpakjain Serope, Manufacturing Processes; fifth edition; Prentice Hall ,NewYork :561-562.
Rizwee M., Rao P. S., & Ahmad, M. F. Parametric Optimization of Electro Discharge Process during Machining of Aluminum/Boron Carbide/Graphite Composite; SAE Int J of Mat and Manufac2021.
Paliwal, S., & Rao, P. S. , Parametric analysis on the effect of process parameters in ECDM through changes in geometry of tool electrode in ECDM; Mat Today: Proc 2021.
Khan M. Y., Rao, P. S., & Pabla B. S., A Framework for Surface Modification by Electrical Discharge Coating using Variable Density Electrodes; In E3S Web of Conf EDP Sci; 2021; 3
Rizwee, M., Rao, P. S., & Khan, M. Y., Recent advancement in electric discharge machining of metal matrix composite materials. Mat Today: Proc2021; 3:2829-2836.
Chaturvedi, C., Rao P. S.& Khan M. Y. , Optimization of process variable in abrasive water jet Machining (AWJM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using Taguchi methodology. Mat Today: Proc 2021 ;47 :6120-6127.
Rizwee M., & Rao P. S., Analysis & optimization of parameters during EDM of aluminium metal matrix composite; J of Univ of Shanghai for Sci and Tech 2021 ; 23(3): 218-223.
Paliwal S., Rao P. S., & Mittal K.. K., Study of electrochemical discharge machining of glass; Mat Today: Proc2021; 37: 1828-1833.
Rao P.S,. Jain P.K, Dwivedi D.K., Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) of External Cylindrical Surfaces of Titanium Alloy, Elsevier Publishers; J. of Procedia engg. 2015; 100 : 936-945.
Rao P.S,. Jain P.K, Dwivedi D.K., Precision Finishing of External Cylindrical Surfaces of EN8 Steel by Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) Process using OFAT Technique, Elsevier Publi, J. of Mat Today Proc ;2015.
Rao P.S, Jain P.K., Dwivedi D.K., Study and Effect of Process Parameters on External Cylindrical Surfaces of Titanium Alloy by Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) Process, Elsevier Publi, J. of Procedia engg;2016.
Rao P.S, Jain P.K., Dwivedi D.K., Optimization of Key Process Parameters on Electro Chemical Honing (ECH) of External Cylindrical Surfaces of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al- 4V, Elsevier Publi, J. of Mat Today Proc;2017;4(2):2279-2289.
S.H.Lee, X.P.Li, Study of the effect of machining parameters on the machining characteristics in electrical discharge machining of tungsten carbide; Tech ;2001:342-358.
Bmohan, A.Rajdurai,K.G Satyanarayan ,“Effect of SiC and rotation of electrode on electric discharge machining of Al–SiC composite; Tech; 2002; 20 :297-304.
Omer Eyercioglu, Mehmet V Cakir, KursadGov, Influence of machining parameters on the surface integrity in small-hole electrical discharge machining; Proc of the Inst of MechEngg, Part B: J of Engg Manuf ;2013; 228 :51-61.
Rajyalakshmi G.Optimization of Process parameters of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining on Inconel825 using Grey Relational Analysis Coupled with Principle Component Analysis;Int J of App Research;2013:1294-1314
Ahmad Said , AmriLajis M.Electrical discharge machining (EDM) of Inconel 718 by using copper electrode at higher peak current and pulse duration;Conf. Series Materials Science and Engineering ; 2013 ; 50(1),:1-7.
Mustafa Ay, UlaşÇaydaş, Optimization of micro-EDM drilling of inconel 718 superalloy;The Int J of Adv Manuf;013; 66: pp.1015-1023.
U. ShrinivasBalraj, P. Anitha, Gopalakrishna A. A Study on White Layer Thickness and Surface Crack Density in Rotary EDM of RENE80 Nickel Superalloy; App. Mech.and mat ;2014: 23-27.
RenjieJi , Liu Y, Diao R, Xu C, Li X, Cai B. , Influence of Electrical Resistivity and Machining Parameters on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance of Engineering Ceramics;PLoS One ;2014; 9 :1-9.
Pradhan B.B., Tiwary A.P., B. Bhattacharyya ,Study on the influence of micro-EDM process parameters during machining of Ti–6Al–4V super alloy;The Int J of Adv. Tech. and Manuf ;2014; 76: 1-10.
S. Dhanabalan ,K. Sivakumar&C.Sathiya Narayanan, Analysis of Form Tolerances in Electrical Discharge Machining Process for Inconel 718 and 625;Mat and Manf Process:252-259
Luis C. J. , A. Torres, I. Puertas “Analysis of the influence of EDM parameters on surface finish, material removal rate, and electrode wear of an Inconel 600 alloy; The Int J of Adv. Tech. and Manuf;2015:80.
M.S Hewidy, T.A. ,El-Taweel ,M.F.El-SaftyModelling the machining parameters of wire electrical discharge machining of Inconel 601 using RSM ;J of Mat Proces Tech ;2015;169: 328-336
Leera Raju, Hiremath, Somashekhar S. A State-of-the-art Review on Micro Electro-discharge Machining; Procedia Tech;2016;25: 1281–1288.
Nur SherilLoke BintiIzwan, ZhujianFeng, JigarBimalPatel, Prediction of Material Removal Rate in Die-sinking Electrical Discharge Machining; Procedia Manuf ;2016 ;5 :658-668.
Fazli Shahri, Reza Hamid, Mahdavinejad, Ramezanali; Ashjaee Mehdi; Abdullah Amir A comparative investigation on temperature distribution in electric discharge machining process through analytical, numerical and experimental methods; Int J of Mach Tools and Manuf; 114:35–53.
S.Gowthaman, K. Balamurugan, Electrical Discharge Machining studies on Monel- Super Alloy, Procedia Manuf2018:386-391.
Sahu Bighnesh Kumar , Datta Saurav, SibaSankarMahapatra; On Electro-Discharge Machining of Inconel 718 Super Alloys: An Experimental Investigation;MaterialsToday:Proceedings 2018;5: 4861-4869.
Selvarajan, L., Rajavel J., Prabakaran, V. Sivakumar, B., &Jeeva, G. A Review Paper on EDM Parameter of Composite material and Industrial Demand Material Machining; Mat Today: Proc; 5(2), 5506–5513.
Singh Shruti and Rao P.S.; Electric Discharge Machining of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics: A Review; Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering 2018 : 115-125
Nayim, S. M. Towhidul Islam, Hasan, Muhammed Zahid, Anbesh Jamwal; Thakur Sunil; Gupta Sumit Recent trends & developments in optimization and modelling of electro-discharge machining using modern techniques: A review. AIP Conference Proceedings 2019: pp. 1-11
Khan M. Y., Rao, P. S., Investigations on the feasibility of Jatropha curcas oil based biodiesel for sustainable dielectric fluid in EDM process”, Mat Today: Proc; 2019: 1-6.
Khan M.Y. and Rao P. S, Electrical Discharge Machining: Vital to Manufacturing Industries; Int J of Innov Tech and Explor Engg;2019:1697-1701.
Khan, M. Y., Rao, P. S.Hybridization of Electrical Discharge Machining Process; Int J of Engg and Adv Tech ; 2019:1059-1065.
Kumar Sushil Choudhary,R.S Jadoun ,“ Review on Machining of Inconel Based Super Alloys by Electro Discharge Machining Process”,SCIREA J of Phy; 2019; 4: 27-342.
MohanthyChinmaya P., Mahapatra Siba Shankar , ManasRanjan Singh,“ Optimization of Process parameters of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining on Inconel825 using Grey Relational Analysis Coupled with Principle Component Analysis”, Res ;2019; 8: 305-311.
Kumar Nishant and Rao P. S, Analysis And Optimization Of Process Parameters During Electric Discharge Machining Of Incoloy 800: A Review;Int J of Sci &Tech Res ;2020;9:6002-6005.
Thakur A. , Rao P.S., MohdYunus Khan, Study and optimization of surface roughness parameter during electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy (Ti-6246),Mat Today Proc ;2020: 1-9.
VitorBaldin , Claudia R B , Fred L. Amorim , Machining of Inconel 718 with a defined geometry tool or by electrical discharge machining, J of the Braz Society of Mech Sci and Engg2020 ; 42 :1-12.
Stefan Dzionk, MieczyslawSiemiatkowski,“ Studying the Effect of Working Conditions on WEDM Machining Performance of Super Alloy Inconel 617;Machines 2020; 8:1-18 .
Sahu Pramod Kumar and Rao P. S.,“A Review on Parametric Investigation and Improvement of Electrical Discharge Machining Process”,Int J For Res In App Sci & Engg Tech:582-585.
AiyeshahAlhodaib 1, PragyaShandilya, Arun Kumar Rouniyar and HimanshuBisaria ; Experimental Investigation on Silicon Powder Mixed-EDM of Nimonic-90 Superalloy; Metals;2021: 1-17.
Rathi, Mahendra G., and Deepak V. Mane. "Study on effect of powder mixed dielectric in EDM of Inconel 718." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 4.11 (2014): 1-7.