Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 171 Download : 92

Main Article Content

Abstract

This paper validates the DiProMo model, which seeks to establish relationships among Digital Transformation (DT), the Business Model (BM), and Productivity (P), using a sequential mixed-methods approach that integrates a systematic literature review, expert interviews, and a survey of 318 professionals, whose data were analysed using PLS-SEM in SmartPLS 4. The results show that DT has a significant effect on innovation, which is part of the BM (β = 0.783), which in turn generates a positive effect on P (β = 0.755). Likewise, a direct impact of DT on P is observed (β = 0.734), and a robust partial mediation of DT with P through the BM is also evident. The overall model fit (SRMR = 0.069) and high predictive values (Q² > 0.50) support the validity and utility of the proposed model. The results indicate that P increases when digital investment is aligned with strategic design in BM, providing empirical evidence and practical guidance for organisational management and the formulation of DT policies geared towards competitiveness.

Keywords

Digital transformation Business model Productivity PLS-SEM Organisational innovation SmartPLS

Article Details

How to Cite
Girado-Rios, L. A., Duque Oliva, E. J. ., & Sanchez-Torres, J. M. (2026). DiProMo model: PLS-SEM validation of the link between digital transformation, business model, and productivity . Future Technology, 5(2), 166–178. Retrieved from https://fupubco.com/futech/article/view/748
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
Bookmark and Share

References

  1. R. Agarwal, G. G. Gao, C. DesRoches, and A. K. Jha, “The digital transformation of healthcare: Current status and the road ahead,” Information Systems Research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 796–809, 2010, doi: 10.1287/isre.1100.0327.
  2. P. C. Verhoef et al., “Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda,” J. Bus. Res., no. September, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022.
  3. C. Baden-Fuller and M. S. Morgan, “Business models as models,” Long Range Plann., vol. 43, no. 2–3, pp. 156–171, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2010.02.005.
  4. A. Osterwalder and Y. Pigneur, Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers. New Jersey: Wiley, 2013.
  5. D. Plekhanov, H. Franke, and T. H. Netland, “Digital transformation: A review and research agenda,” European Management Journal, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 821–844, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.emj.2022.09.007.
  6. I. T. Union, “The impact of digital transformation on the economy: Econometric modelling,” ITU Publications, Geneva, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.itu.int/hub/publication/d-pref-econ-mod-2025/
  7. G. Vial, “Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda,” Journal of Strategic Information Systems, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 118–144, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003.
  8. Gagan Deep, “Digital transformation’s impact on organizational culture,” International Journal of Science and Research Archive, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 396–401, 2023, doi: 10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.0977.
  9. I. Mavlutova, T. Volkova, A. Natrins, A. Spilbergs, I. Arefjevs, and I. Miahkykh, “Financial sector transformation in the era of digitalization,” Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 38, no. 4, 2020, doi: 10.25115/EEA.V38I4.4055.
  10. G. Briscoe, S. Sadedin, and P. De Wilde, “Digital ecosystems: Ecosystem-oriented architectures,” Nat. Comput., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1143–1194, 2011, doi: 10.1007/s11047-011-9254-0.
  11. A. R. Vila, “Latin American and Caribbean literature transposed into digital: Corpus, ecosystem, canon,” Journal of Information Technology Research, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 34–53, 2016, doi: 10.4018/JITR.2016010103.
  12. D. J. Teece, “Business models, business strategy and innovation,” Long Range Plann., vol. 43, no. 2–3, pp. 172–194, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2009.07.003.
  13. C. Zott and R. Amit, “Business model design: An activity system perspective,” Long Range Plann., vol. 43, no. 2–3, pp. 216–226, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2009.07.004.
  14. C. Matt, T. Hess, and A. Benlian, “Digital Transformation Strategies,” Business and Information Systems Engineering, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 339–343, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s12599-015-0401-5.
  15. M. Fitzgerald, N. Kruschwitz, D. Bonnet, and M. Welch, “Embracing Digital Technology: A New Strategic Imperative | Capgemini Consulting Worldwide,” MIT Sloan Manag. Rev., vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2013, [Online]. Available: https://www.capgemini-consulting.com/SMR
  16. V. Grover and R. Kohli, “Revealing your hand: Caveats in implementing digital business strategy,” MIS Quarterly, no. 37(2):655-662, 2013.
  17. A. Horlacher and T. Hess, “What does a chief digital officer do? Managerial tasks and roles of a new C-level position in the context of digital transformation,” Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, vol. 2016-March, pp. 5126–5135, 2016, doi: 10.1109/HICSS.2016.634.
  18. P. F. Martínez and M. C. M. González, “The digital ecosystem: A corpus study of the Spanish language [monograph presentation] | El ecosistema digital: Un corpus de estudio del español [presentación del monográfico],” Doxa Comunicacion, vol. 2020, no. 31, pp. 241–249, 2020, doi: 10.31921/doxacom.n31a11.
  19. M. D. C. Zapatero, G. B. Señán, and J. A. R. S. Román, “Virtual sociability: Social interaction in the digital ecosystem | Sociabilidad virtual: La interacción social en el ecosistema digital,” Hist. Comun. Soc., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 233–247, 2017, doi: 10.5209/HICS.55910.
  20. L. Ballesteros-Aguayo and F. J. E. Borrego, “The digital ecosystem during the COVID-19 crisis: New normality and lockdown easing and lifting | Ecosistema digital durante la COVID-19: Nueva normalidad, desescalada y desconfinamiento,” Doxa Comunicacion, vol. 2020, no. 31, pp. 341–359, 2020, doi: 10.31921/doxacom.n31a17.
  21. H. M.-F. Osorio and F. J. D. Torrego, “The Influence of the Digital Ecosystem on the Sports Press in Spain: Media, Users and Pandemic | La influencia del ecosistema digital en la prensa deportiva en España: Medios, usuarios y pandemia,” Estudios Sobre el Mensaje Periodistico, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 143–154, 2022, doi: 10.5209/esmp.77506.
  22. S. Cardinali, F. Pascucci, and C. Ancillai, “Exploring antecedents of social media usage in B2B: a systematic review,” Management Research Review, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 629–656, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1108/MRR-07-2017-0212.
  23. R. Morakanyane, A. Grace, and P. O’Reilly, “Conceptualizing Digital Transformation in Business Organizations: A Systematic Review of Literature,” in Digital Transformation – From Connecting Things to Transforming Our Lives, University of Maribor Press, Jun. 2017, pp. 427–443. doi: 10.18690/978-961-286-043-1.30.
  24. OECD, OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2024 (Volume 1): Embracing the Technology Frontier. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2024. doi: 10.1787/a1689dc5-en.
  25. J. Reis, M. Amorim, N. Melao, and P. Matos, “Digital Transformation : A Literature Review and Guidelines for Future Digital Transformation : A Literature Review and Guidelines for Future Research,” 10th European Conference on Information Systems Management. Academic Conferences and publishing limited, vol. 1, no. March, pp. 20–28, 2018, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-77703-0.
  26. C. Zott, R. Amit, and L. Massa, “The business model: Recent developments and future research,” J. Manage., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1019–1042, 2011, doi: 10.1177/0149206311406265.
  27. B. Demil and X. Lecocq, “Evolución de modelos de negocio: Hacia una visión de la estrategia en términos de coherencia dinámica,” Universia Business Review, vol. 23, pp. 86–107, 2009.
  28. R. Casadesus-Masanell and J. E. Ricart, “From strategy to business models and onto tactics,” Long Range Plann., vol. 43, no. 2–3, pp. 195–215, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2010.01.004.
  29. M. M. Queiroz, S. Fosso Wamba, M. C. Machado, and R. Telles, “Smart production systems drivers for business process management improvement,” Business Process Management Journal, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1075–1092, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1108/BPMJ-03-2019-0134.
  30. M. Rachinger, R. Rauter, C. Müller, W. Vorraber, and E. Schirgi, “Digitalization and its influence on business model innovation,” Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 2018, doi: 10.1108/JMTM-01-2018-0020.
  31. G. Remane, A. Hanelt, R. C. Nickerson, and L. M. Kolbe, “Discovering digital business models in traditional industries,” Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 41–51, 2017, doi: 10.1108/JBS-10-2016-0127.
  32. L. A. Giraldo-Rios, “Propuesta Doctoral: Modelo conceptual de factores de la Transformación Digital que afectan el Modelo de Negocio y la Productividad en las organizaciones,” Bogotá DC, 2020.
  33. M. Billón Currás, F. Lera López, and S. Ortiz Serrano, “Evidencias del impacto de las TIC en la productividad de la empresa. ¿Fin de la «paradoja de la productividad»?,” Cuadernos de Economía, vol. 30, no. 82, pp. 5–36, 2007, doi: 10.1016/s0210-0266(07)70006-7.
  34. R. Carro and D. González, “Productividad y competitividad,” Administración de las operaciones, pp. 1–16, 2012.
  35. F. Toro Alvarez, Desempeño y productividad, CINCEL. Medellín, 2002.
  36. S. Saari, “Production and Productivity as Souces of Well-Being,” Mido Oy, pp. 1–25, 2011.
  37. FEMEVAL, Introducción a la productividad. 2007.
  38. Y.-C. Chou, H. Hao-Chun Chuang, and B. B. M. Shao, “The impacts of information technology on total factor productivity: A look at externalities and innovations,” Int. J. Prod. Econ., vol. 158, pp. 290–299, Dec. 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.08.003.
  39. Y. Cheng, X. Zhou, and Y. Li, “The effect of digital transformation on real economy enterprises’ total factor productivity,” International Review of Economics & Finance, vol. 85, pp. 488–501, May 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.iref.2023.02.007.
  40. S. Eilon, “FRAMEWORK FOR PROFITABILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY MEASURES.,” Interfaces (Providence)., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 31–40, 1985, doi: 10.1287/inte.15.3.31.
  41. H. Bouwman, S. Nikou, and M. de Reuver, “Digitalization, business models, and SMEs: How do business model innovation practices improve performance of digitalizing SMEs?” Telecomm. Policy, vol. 43, no. 9, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.telpol.2019.101828.
  42. N. Salfore, M. Ensermu, and Z. Kinde, “Business model innovation and firm performance: Evidence from manufacturing SMEs,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 6, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16384.
  43. P. Bitzer and M. Söllner, “TOWARDS A PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT MODEL FOR TECHNOLOGY-MEDIATED LEARNING SERVICES,” 2013.
  44. M. Connor, “Creating Customer Value in a Digitally Transformed Future,” Journal of Creating Value, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 204–213, 2015, doi: 10.1177/2394964315569631.
  45. Jr. Lucas, E. K. Ritu Agarwal, O. A. Clemons, E. Sawy, and B. Weber, “Impactful Research on Transformational Information Technology: An Opportunity to Inform New Audiences,” MIS Quarterly, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 371–382, 2013.
  46. J. Magretta, “Why Business Models Matter,” Harv. Bus. Rev., vol. 80, pp. 86-92,133, Jun. 2002.
  47. C. Ancillai, A. Sabatini, M. Gatti, and A. Perna, “Digital technology and business model innovation: A systematic literature review and future research agenda,” Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change, vol. 188, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122307.
  48. R. P. Carro and D. G. González, “Productividad y Competitividad. Administración de las operaciones,” Fondo de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, pp. 1–16, 2014.
  49. J. Reenen, L. Dearden, and H. Reed, “The Impact of Training on Productivity and Wages: Evidence from British Panel Data,” Oxf. Bull. Econ. Stat., pp. 397–421, 2006.
  50. V. Sambamurthy, A. Bharadwaj, and V. Grover, “Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms,” vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 237–263, 2003, doi: 102307/30036530.
  51. M. Cummings, L. Huang, H. Zhu, D. Finkelstein, and R. Wei, “The Impact of Increasing Autonomy on Training Requirements in a UAV Supervisory Control Task,” J. Cogn. Eng. Decis. Mak., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 295–309, 2019, doi: 10.1177/1555343419868917.
  52. M. F. G. Trischler, “General rights Digital Transformation of Business Models New insights into a contemporary organizational change process,” 2022.
  53. D. Schallmo, C. A. Williams, and L. Boardman, “Digital transformation of business models-best practice, enablers, and roadmap,” International Journal of Innovation Management, vol. 21, no. 8, 2017, doi: 10.1142/S136391961740014X.
  54. A. Gambardella and A. M. McGahan, “Business-model innovation: General purpose technologies and their implications for industry structure,” Long Range Plann., vol. 43, no. 2–3, pp. 262–271, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2009.07.009.
  55. OCDE - ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT, Measuring Productivity - measurement of aggregate and industty - Lever productivity growth. Paris, 2001. doi: 10.1787/9789264194519-en.
  56. R. M. Baron and D. A. Kenny, “The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations,” Psychological Association, Inc, 1986.
  57. Ketchen, David J. "A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling." Long Range Planning 46.1-2 (2013): 184-185.
  58. S. Nambisan and R. A. Baron, “On the costs of digital entrepreneurship: Role conflict, stress, and venture performance in digital platform-based ecosystems,” J. Bus. Res., vol. 125, pp. 520–532, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.06.037.
  59. B. Kitchenham, O. Pearl Brereton, D. Budgen, M. Turner, J. Bailey, and S. Linkman, “Systematic literature reviews in software engineering - A systematic literature review,” Inf. Softw. Technol., vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 7–15, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009.
  60. M. Ilyas, K. A. Kadir, and Z. Adnan, “Relationship Between Training and Employee Productivity in Organization: A Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) Approach,” vol. 7, no. 3, 2017, [Online]. Available: www.iiste.org
  61. Joseph F. Hair Jr, Rolph Anderson, Ron Tatham, William C. Black, Multivariate Data Analysis, Kennesaw, GA, 2009.ISBN: 0029465648
  62. E. E. Rigdon et al., “On Comparing Results from CB-SEM and PLS-SEM: Five Perspectives and Five Recommendations,” Marketing- Journal of Research and Management, Mar. 2017, [Online]. Available: www.marketing-zfp.de
  63. J. Bhattacharya, R. Bhattacharyya, H. Singla, and P. V. Ilavarasan, Estimation of Economic Impact of National Open Digital Ecosystems, vol. 248. 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-4177-0_4.
  64. H. Dong and F. K. Hussain, “Semantic service matchmaking for Digital Health Ecosystems,” Knowl. Based. Syst., vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 761–774, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.knosys.2011.02.005.
  65. L. A. Giraldo-Rios, “Modelo conceptual de factores de la Transformación Digital que afectan el modelo de negocio y la productividad en las organizaciones.,” Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., 2025.
  66. A. M. Muñoz-Martínez and M. M. Novoa-Gómez, “Confiabilidad y validación de un modelo de formulación clínica conductual,” Universitas Psychologica, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 501–519, 2010, doi: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy10-2.cvmf.
  67. J. F. Hair, W. C. Black, B. J. Babin, and R. E. Anderson, “MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS EIGHTH EDITION,” 2019. [Online]. Available: www.cengage.com/highered
  68. I. L. Bretas et al., “Detection and mapping of Amaranthus spinosus L. in bermudagrass pastures using drone imagery and deep learning for a site-specific weed management,” Agron. J., vol. 116, no. 3, pp. 990–1002, 2024, doi: 10.1002/agj2.21545.