CO2 emission from the electricity sector in Iran; calculation, prediction and reduction policies
Corresponding Author(s) : Mohammad Hasan Ghodusinejad
Future Energy,
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): May 2024 Issue
Abstract
Fossil fuel power plants produce a significant amount of CO2 emissions, and this pollutant causes global warming, respiratory and heart diseases, and other significant issues. Electricity interprets as a primary and rising demand in each energy system; thus, in this paper, carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduction was selected as the objective value for 2025. Power plant fuel consumption was surveyed to calculate the CO2 emission caused by each fuel. Also, Esfahan province (an industrial province in Iran) was investigated as the study case. Forecasting the fuel consumption for 2025 was run by two parameters: population and Gross Domestic Production (GDP), which were forecasted by the report of the Iran Statics Center and the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) method, respectively. The CO2 emission of power plants was obtained using the coefficients of each fuel. Based on Iran's commitment to the Paris Agreement, a 4% reduction of CO2 emissions is the main objective. Thus, this study aims to reach this goal by implementing four scenarios: a) adding renewable energies, b) adding renewable energies and improving the generation efficiency, c) adding renewable energies and decreasing the grid losses, and d) combining the three scenarios mentioned above. According to these scenarios, reformation strategies compensated 10.5% of the required power, which was satisfied by renewable energies, and finally, this province can gradually satisfy a 4% reduction until 2025.
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- Adopted, I. P. C. C "Climate change 2014 synthesis report." IPCC: Geneva, Szwitzerland (2014): 1059-1072.
- Yousefi, H., M. H. Ghodusinejad, and Y. Noorollahi. "Analysis of the effects of flat and tiered pricing methods on the economic feasibility of residential photovoltaic systems." TABRIZ JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 48.2 (2018): 943-950.
- Udemba, Edmund Ntom, et al. "Economic performance of India amidst high CO2 emissions." Sustainable Production and Consumption 27 (2021): 52-60.
- Yousefi, Hossein, Mohammad Hasan Ghodusinejad, and Armin Ghodrati. "Multi-Criteria Future Energy System Planning and Analysis for Hot Arid Areas of Iran." Energies 15.24 (2022): 9405.
- Mousavi Reineh, Seyedeh Mahsa, and Hossein Yousefi. "Effects of the Environmental Cost of Electricity Generation, Considering the LCOE Model."Environmental Energy and Economic Research 6.1 (2021): 1-11.
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); https://www.epa.gov/ [Accessed Dec, 21 2022]
- Chakravarty, Devleena, and Sabuj Kumar Mandal. "Is economic growth a cause or cure for environmental degradation? Empirical evidences from selected developing economies." Environmental and Sustainability Indicators 7 (2020): 100045.
- Zahedi, Rahim, et al. "Modelling community-scale renewable energy and electric vehicle management for cold-climate regions using machine learning." Energy Strategy Reviews 43 (2022): 100930.
- Zhao, Xu, and Dongkun Luo. "Driving force of rising renewable energy in China: Environment, regulation and employment." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 68 (2017): 48-56.
- Noorollahi, Younes, Salman Taghipour, and Amin Sadrnejad. "Geothermal Energy for Natural Gas Compressor Stations; an Environmental and Economical Assessment." Environmental Energy and Economic Research 3.4 (2019): 261-277.
- Bartolucci, Lorenzo, et al. "Hybrid renewable energy systems for household ancillary services." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 107 (2019): 282-297.
References
Adopted, I. P. C. C "Climate change 2014 synthesis report." IPCC: Geneva, Szwitzerland (2014): 1059-1072.
Yousefi, H., M. H. Ghodusinejad, and Y. Noorollahi. "Analysis of the effects of flat and tiered pricing methods on the economic feasibility of residential photovoltaic systems." TABRIZ JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 48.2 (2018): 943-950.
Udemba, Edmund Ntom, et al. "Economic performance of India amidst high CO2 emissions." Sustainable Production and Consumption 27 (2021): 52-60.
Yousefi, Hossein, Mohammad Hasan Ghodusinejad, and Armin Ghodrati. "Multi-Criteria Future Energy System Planning and Analysis for Hot Arid Areas of Iran." Energies 15.24 (2022): 9405.
Mousavi Reineh, Seyedeh Mahsa, and Hossein Yousefi. "Effects of the Environmental Cost of Electricity Generation, Considering the LCOE Model."Environmental Energy and Economic Research 6.1 (2021): 1-11.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); https://www.epa.gov/ [Accessed Dec, 21 2022]
Chakravarty, Devleena, and Sabuj Kumar Mandal. "Is economic growth a cause or cure for environmental degradation? Empirical evidences from selected developing economies." Environmental and Sustainability Indicators 7 (2020): 100045.
Zahedi, Rahim, et al. "Modelling community-scale renewable energy and electric vehicle management for cold-climate regions using machine learning." Energy Strategy Reviews 43 (2022): 100930.
Zhao, Xu, and Dongkun Luo. "Driving force of rising renewable energy in China: Environment, regulation and employment." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 68 (2017): 48-56.
Noorollahi, Younes, Salman Taghipour, and Amin Sadrnejad. "Geothermal Energy for Natural Gas Compressor Stations; an Environmental and Economical Assessment." Environmental Energy and Economic Research 3.4 (2019): 261-277.
Bartolucci, Lorenzo, et al. "Hybrid renewable energy systems for household ancillary services." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 107 (2019): 282-297.