Comparative analysis of electrochemical behaviors of lithium-ion batteries using the dual potential MSMD battery models: case studies on various thermal conditions
Corresponding Author(s) : Md. Arafat Rahman
Future Energy,
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): May 2024 Issue
Abstract
The high energy density and long cycle life of lithium-ion batteries make them a preferred option for electric vehicles. The efficiency and life span of lithium-ion batteries are particularly sensitive to temperature; thus, it becomes essential to maintain an ideal temperature range. In this context, we concentrated on two widely used electro-chemistry (Equivalent Circuit Model and NTGK) models of a single cell of a dual potential MSMD Lithium-ion Battery while taking into account two significant methods of heat transfer under varying C-rates (0.25C, 1C, 2C, and 5C). We investigated the highest temperatures that two e-chemistry models could reach in varying ambient temperatures (typical summer, winter, and room temperature). The maximum temperature-raising tendency in the ECM due to natural convection is greater than the maximum temperature-raising tendency due to radiation regardless of the environmental temperatures and various C rates (0.25C, 1C, and 2C ). However, the trend line of the maximum temperature rise is different in the NTGK model, where the maximum temperature rise due to radiation is greater than the maximum temperature rise due to convection for 0.25C, 1C, and 2C rates in -5°C and 40°C environmental temperatures. In the NTGK model, at 0.25C, 1C, and 2C rates for winter and summer temperatures, the maximum temperature rise owing to radiation is larger than that due to convection. The NTGK model, however, produced somewhat superior findings for the radiation mode of heat transfer at ambient temperature. Therefore, it can be said that convection is a better thermal condition than natural convection in the NTGK model.
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References
S. S. Madani, M. J. Swierczynski, and S. K. Kaer, “The discharge behavior of lithium-ion batteries using the Dual-Potential Multi-Scale Multi-Dimensional (MSMD) Battery Model,” 2017 12th Int. Conf. Ecol. Veh. Renew. Energies, EVER 2017, 2017, doi: 10.1109/EVER.2017.7935915.
Y. Chen and J. W. Evans, “Thermal Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries,” vol. 143, no. 9, pp. 2708–2712, 1996.
V. Srinivasan and C. Y. Wang, “Analysis of Electrochemical and Thermal Behavior of Li-Ion Cells,” J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 150, no. 1, pp. A98–A106, 2003, doi: 10.1149/1.1526512.
W. B. Gu and C. Y. Wang, “Thermal-Electrochemical Modeling of Battery Systems,” J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 147, no. 8, p. 2910, 2000, doi: 10.1149/1.1393625.
K. Smith and C. Y. Wang, “Power and thermal characterization of a lithium-ion battery pack for hybrid-electric vehicles,” J. Power Sources, vol. 160, no. 1, pp. 662–673, 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.01.038.
C. At, “Transient Thermal Analysis of a Fin,” pp. 1–16, 2020.
J. Duan et al., “Modeling and analysis of heat dissipation for liquid cooling lithium-ion batteries,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 14, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14144187.
K. Van-Thanh, Ho; Khoungsik, Chang; Sang Wook, Lee; Sung Han, “Transient Thermal Analysis of a Li-Ion Battery,” 2020.
T. D. Hatchard, D. D. MacNeil, D. A. Stevens, L. Christensen, and J. R. Dahn, “Importance of heat transfer by radiation in Li-ion batteries during thermal abuse,” Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 305–308, 2000, doi: 10.1149/1.1391131.
Haariet Martique, “This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com,” Oxford Univ., vol. XXX, p. 60, 1994.
H. Gu, “Mathematical Analysis of a Zn / NiOOH Cell,” J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 130, no. 7, pp. 1459–1464, 1983, doi: 10.1149/1.2120009.
C. Vanaclocha Hervas, “Comparative study of three electrochemical cell models for the CFD simulation of a battery module,” 2021.
Y. Huo, Z. Rao, X. Liu, and J. Zhao, “Investigation of power battery thermal management by using mini-channel cold plate,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 89, pp. 387–395, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.10.015.
K. H. Kwon, C. B. Shin, T. H. Kang, and C. S. Kim, “A two-dimensional modeling of a lithium-polymer battery,” J. Power Sources, vol. 163, no. 1 SPEC. ISS., pp. 151–157, 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.03.012.
J. Yi, U. S. Kim, C. B. Shin, T. Han, and S. Park, “Modeling the temperature dependence of the discharge behavior of a lithium-ion battery in low environmental temperature,” J. Power Sources, vol. 244, pp. 143–148, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.02.085.
M. Chen and G. A. Rincon-Mora, "Accurate electrical battery model capable of predicting runtime and I-V performance," in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 504-511, June 2006, doi: 10.1109/TEC.2006.874229.
X. Zhang, “Thermal analysis of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery,” Electrochim. Acta, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 1246–1255, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.054.
M. Xiao and S. Y. Choe, “Theoretical and experimental analysis of heat generations of a pouch type LiMn2O4/carbon high power Li-polymer battery,” J. Power Sources, vol. 241, pp. 46–55, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.04.062.
S. Ma et al., “Temperature effect and thermal impact in lithium-ion batteries: A review,” Prog. Nat. Sci. Mater. Int., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 653–666, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2018.11.002.