Energy consumption reduction in a building by free cooling using phase change material (PCM)
Corresponding Author(s) : Abolfazl Ahmadi
Future Energy,
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): May 2024 Issue
Abstract
It is significantly important to implement energy storage systems nowadays. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems contain numerous advantages as a result of their small temperature variation and higher energy storage densities during storage. The present paper deals with the cooling load of a room in Zanjan, Iran using Carrier software. Then, a free cooling system using commercial paraffin RT25 was numerically analyzed as phase change material (PCM) while investigating the effects of the flow rate of the storage tank and inlet air temperature overcharging and discharging procedures. Based on cold energy storage simulation, by airflow with the temperature of 20°C at night, the paraffin is solidified in 4 h. Stored cold energy of 1.4 kW in PCM releases energy through a free cooling system within 2.1 h of July afternoon in the room.
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- A. Ghodrati, R. Zahedi, and A. Ahmadi, "Analysis of cold thermal energy storage using phase change materials in freezers," Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 51, p. 104433, 2022.
- R. Zahedi, M. A. N. Seraji, D. Borzuei, S. F. Moosavian, and A. Ahmadi, "Feasibility study for designing and building a zero-energy house in new cities," Solar Energy, vol. 240, pp. 168-175, 2022.
- R. American Society of Heating and A.-C. Engineers, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2017 (Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013) Includes ANSI/ASHRAE Addenda Listed in Appendix N. ASHRAE, 2017.
- V. Chinnasamy and S. Appukuttan, "A real‐time experimental investigation of building integrated thermal energy storage with air‐conditioning system for indoor temperature regulation," Energy Storage, vol. 1, no. 3, p. e43, 2019.
- S. Takeda, K. Nagano, T. Mochida, and K. Shimakura, "Development of a ventilation system utilizing thermal energy storage for granules containing phase change material," Solar Energy, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 329-338, 2004.
- M. Yamaha and S. Misaki, "The evaluation of peak shaving by a thermal storage system using phase-change materials in air distribution systems," Hvac&R Research, vol. 12, no. S3, pp. 861-869, 2006.
- U. Stritih and V. Butala, "Energy savings in building with a PCM free cooling system," Strojniški vestnik-Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 125-134, 2011.
- M. Rajagopal and R. Velraj, "Experimental investigation on the phase change material-based modular heat exchanger for thermal management of a building," International Journal of Green Energy, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 1109-1119, 2016.
- F. Estelaji, A. Naseri, and R. Zahedi, "Evaluation of the Performance of Vital Services in Urban Crisis Management," Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1-19, 2022.
- M. A. Alzoubi, A. Nie-Rouquette, and A. P. Sasmito, "Conjugate heat transfer in artificial ground freezing using enthalpy-porosity method: experiments and model validation," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 126, pp. 740-752, 2018.
- P. Reggiani, M. Sivapalan, S. M. Hassanizadeh, and W. G. Gray, "Coupled equations for mass and momentum balance in a stream network: theoretical derivation and computational experiments," Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol. 457, no. 2005, pp. 157-189, 2001.
- H. Asemi, R. Zahedi, and S. Daneshgar, "Theoretical analysis of the performance and optimization of indirect flat evaporative coolers," Future Energy, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 9-14, 2023.
- S. Kamkarhaghighi, "A Review of Experimental Study about Thermal Behavior of PV Panel Incorporating Metallic Tubes Filled With PCM," Energy, vol. 2, no. 1, 2021.
- Q. Mao and Y. Zhang, "Thermal energy storage performance of a three-PCM cascade tank in a high-temperature packed bed system," Renewable Energy, vol. 152, pp. 110-119, 2020.
- A. Tamaskani Esfahankalateh, M. Farrokhzad, O. Saberi, and A. Ghaffarianhoseini, "Achieving wind comfort through window design in residential buildings in cold climates, a case study in Tabriz city," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 502-517, 2021.
References
A. Ghodrati, R. Zahedi, and A. Ahmadi, "Analysis of cold thermal energy storage using phase change materials in freezers," Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 51, p. 104433, 2022.
R. Zahedi, M. A. N. Seraji, D. Borzuei, S. F. Moosavian, and A. Ahmadi, "Feasibility study for designing and building a zero-energy house in new cities," Solar Energy, vol. 240, pp. 168-175, 2022.
R. American Society of Heating and A.-C. Engineers, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2017 (Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013) Includes ANSI/ASHRAE Addenda Listed in Appendix N. ASHRAE, 2017.
V. Chinnasamy and S. Appukuttan, "A real‐time experimental investigation of building integrated thermal energy storage with air‐conditioning system for indoor temperature regulation," Energy Storage, vol. 1, no. 3, p. e43, 2019.
S. Takeda, K. Nagano, T. Mochida, and K. Shimakura, "Development of a ventilation system utilizing thermal energy storage for granules containing phase change material," Solar Energy, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 329-338, 2004.
M. Yamaha and S. Misaki, "The evaluation of peak shaving by a thermal storage system using phase-change materials in air distribution systems," Hvac&R Research, vol. 12, no. S3, pp. 861-869, 2006.
U. Stritih and V. Butala, "Energy savings in building with a PCM free cooling system," Strojniški vestnik-Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 125-134, 2011.
M. Rajagopal and R. Velraj, "Experimental investigation on the phase change material-based modular heat exchanger for thermal management of a building," International Journal of Green Energy, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 1109-1119, 2016.
F. Estelaji, A. Naseri, and R. Zahedi, "Evaluation of the Performance of Vital Services in Urban Crisis Management," Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1-19, 2022.
M. A. Alzoubi, A. Nie-Rouquette, and A. P. Sasmito, "Conjugate heat transfer in artificial ground freezing using enthalpy-porosity method: experiments and model validation," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 126, pp. 740-752, 2018.
P. Reggiani, M. Sivapalan, S. M. Hassanizadeh, and W. G. Gray, "Coupled equations for mass and momentum balance in a stream network: theoretical derivation and computational experiments," Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol. 457, no. 2005, pp. 157-189, 2001.
H. Asemi, R. Zahedi, and S. Daneshgar, "Theoretical analysis of the performance and optimization of indirect flat evaporative coolers," Future Energy, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 9-14, 2023.
S. Kamkarhaghighi, "A Review of Experimental Study about Thermal Behavior of PV Panel Incorporating Metallic Tubes Filled With PCM," Energy, vol. 2, no. 1, 2021.
Q. Mao and Y. Zhang, "Thermal energy storage performance of a three-PCM cascade tank in a high-temperature packed bed system," Renewable Energy, vol. 152, pp. 110-119, 2020.
A. Tamaskani Esfahankalateh, M. Farrokhzad, O. Saberi, and A. Ghaffarianhoseini, "Achieving wind comfort through window design in residential buildings in cold climates, a case study in Tabriz city," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 502-517, 2021.